Bronchodialation with 13,14-dihydro-15-alkenyl prostaglandins

ABSTRACT

The invention discloses certain novel 13,14-dihydro-15-alkenyl prostaglandins and 13,14-dihydro-15-alkynyl prostaglandins and analogs of each as well as the novel intermediates employed in their preparation. The 9-oxo compounds of this novel series demonstrate selective bronchodilator activity, certain of these are also useful as antisecretory agents.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application is a division of application Ser. No. 695,420, filedJune 14, 1976, and now abandoned.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The invention relates to a novel series of 13,14-dihydro-15-alkenylprostaglandins and 13,14-dihydro-15-alkynyl prostaglandins, certainanalogs, esters thereof and novel intermediates for their preparation.In particular, it relates to novel9-oxo-11α,15-dihydroxyprosta-5,16-dienoic acids,9-oxo-11α,15-dihydroxyprosta-5-ene-16-yneoic acids, certain analogs andesters thereof which possess selective bronchodilator activity; andvarious novel intermediates useful in their preparation. The17-phenyl-ω-trinorprostaglandins of this series also possess usefulantisecretory activity.

2. Description of the Prior Art

The prostaglandins are C-20 unsaturated fatty acids which exhibitdiverse physiological effects. Each of the known naturally occurringprostaglandins is derived from prostanoic acid which has the structureand position numbering: ##STR1## [Bergstrom et al., Pharmacol. Rev., 20,1 (1968), and references cited therein] A systematic name for prostanoicacid is 7-[(2β-octyl)-cyclopent-1α-yl]heptanoic acid.

PGE₂ has the structure: ##STR2##

PGF₂α has the structure: ##STR3##

PGF₂β has the structure ##STR4##

PGA₂ is 11-desoxy-PGE₂ with a double bond in the 5-membered ring betweencarbons 10 and 11.

PGB₂ is identical to PGA₂, except that the double bond is shifted to the8,12-position.

Each of the PG₁ prostaglandins, PGE₁, PGF₁α, PGF₁β, PGA₁ and PGB₁, has astructure the same as the corresponding PG₂ compound except that the cisdouble bond between C-5 and C-6 is replaced by a single bond.

Broken line attachments to the cyclopentane ring indicate substituentsin alpha configuration, i.e., below the plane of the cyclopentane ring.Solid line attachments to the cyclopentane ring indicate substituents inbeta configuration, i.e., above the plane of the cyclopentane ring.

The side-chain hydroxy at C-15 in the above formulas is in Sconfiguration. [See Nature, 212, 38 (1966) for discussion of thestereochemistry of the prostaglandins]

The various physiological effects of the prostaglandins are reviewed in"The Prostaglandins, Progress in Research," Wiley-Interscience Divisionof John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, N. Y., 1972, M. M. Karim,editor. For instance, the prostaglandins of the E and A series arepotent vasidilators (Bergstrom, et al., Acta. Physiol. Scand., 64:332-333, 1965 and Bergstrom, et al., Life Sci., 6: 449-455, 1967) andlower systemic arterial blood pressure (vasodepression) on intravenousadministration (Weeks and King, Federation Proc. 23: 327, 1964;Bergstrom, et al., 1965, op. cit.; Carlson, et al., Acta. Med. Scand.,183: 423-430, 1968; and Carlson, et al., Acta. Physiol. Scand., 75:161-169, 1969). Another well known physiological action for PGE₁ andPGE₂ is as a bronchodilator (Cuthbert, Brit. Med. J., 4: 723-726, 1969).

Another important physiological role for the natural prostaglandins isin connection with the reproductive cycle. PGE₂ is known to possess theability to induce labor (Karim, et al., J. Obstet. Gynaec. Brit. Cwlth.,77: 200-210, 1970) and also to induce therapeutic abortion (Bygdeman, etal., Contraception, 4: 293, 1971) and to be useful for control offertility (Karim, Contraception, 3: 1973, 1971). Patents have beenobtained for several prostaglandins of the E and F series as inducers oflabor in mammals (Belgian Pat. No. 754,158 and West German Pat. No.2,034,641), and on PGF₁, F₂, and F₃ for control of the reproductivecycle (South African Pat. No. 69/6089).

Still other known physiological activities for PGE₁ are in theinhibition of gastric acid secretion (Shaw and Ramwell, in: WorcesterSymp. on Prostaglandins, New York, Wiley, 1968, pages 55-64) and also ofplatelet aggregation (Emmons, et al., Brit. Med. J., 2: 468-472, 1967).

Very small doses of PGE₁ and PGE₂ have been found to cause diarrhea inanimals including humans (Bennett, in The Prostaglandins, Progress inResearch, Wiley-Interscience Division of John Wiley and Sons, Inc., NewYork, N. Y., 1972, M. M. Karim, editor, pages 212-214).

Use of the natural prostaglandins as bronchodilators is complicated bythe above-mentioned diversity of activity.

The synthesis of the novel compounds of the invention employs2-[5α-hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-aldehydocyclopent-1α-yl]aceticacid, γ-lactone [Corey, et al., J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 93, 1490 (1971)] asstarting material.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The novel compounds of the invention are those of the formula (I)##STR5## wherein R is hydrogen or biphenyl; R¹ is a member selected fromthe group consisting of hydrogen, phenyl and alkyl having from one toeleven carbon atoms; Q is a member selected from the group consisting ofoxygen, ##STR6## and mixtures of ##STR7## and Z is a member selectedfrom the group consisting of ##STR8##

The compounds of formula (I) are potent bronchodilators with greaterselectivity than the natural prostaglandins. Especially valuable asselective bronchodilators are the compounds of formula (I) wherein Q issaid mixture of ##STR9## and R¹ is n-C₃ H₇ or n-C₅ H₁₁. Compounds offormula (I) wherein R¹ is phenyl are also valuable as antisecretoryagents.

It is further object of the invention to provide the following novelintermediates for the preparation of compounds of formula (I): ##STR10##wherein R² is 2-tetrahydropyranyl and Z and R¹ are as previouslydefined.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The synthesis of the compounds of formula (I) wherein Z is--C.tbd.C--and ##STR11## is depicted in Scheme A, below. Within thecontext of this invention, when the letters a, b, c are used after theRoman numerals which identify the various structures, said lettersindicate the following; ##STR12##

The waved line attachment ( ) used herein indicates a mixture of the twopossible configurations.

φ=C₆ H₅ ; THP=2-tetrahydropyranyl.

(IXa) through (XVIa): Z is --C.tbd.C--

(IXb) through (XVIb): Z is ##STR13## (IXc) through (XVIc): Z is##STR14##

For the first step in the preparation of the compounds of formula (I),the starting material of formula (VI),2-[5α-hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-aldehydocyclopent-1α-yl]aceticacid, γ-lactone, [Corey et al., Journ. Amer. Chem. Soc. 93, 1490 (1971)]is reacted with formylmethylene dimethylphenylphosphonium ylide toobtain the intermediate2-[5α-hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(2-formylvinyl)cyclopent-1α-yl]-aceticacid, γ-lactone (VII). This step is carried out in the presence of areaction inert organic solvent under anhydrous conditions. Examples ofsuch solvents are methylene chloride, chloroform, ethyl ether,tetrahydrofuran, toluene, hexane and the like. The compound of formula(VI) and said ylide are employed in approximately equimolar amounts. Thereaction is preferably carried out at a temperature in the range ofabout -50° to 30° (all temperatures herein are given in degreesCentrigrade) and in an inert atmosphere for periods of from about 2hours to 2 days. The desired product of formula (VII) is isolated andpurified by standard methods known in the art. The formylmethylenedimethylphosphonium ylide used in the above reactions is prepared byaddition of a molar excess of a lower alkyl formate ester such as ethylformate to the lithium salt which results when approximately equimolaramounts of phenyltrimethylphosphonium bromide and an alkyl lithium suchas butyl lithium are combined in the presence of a reaction inertorganic solvent at about 0°. The ylide is isolated by pouring thereaction mixture onto cold aqueous acid such as dilute hydrochloric acidand extracting with a water immiscible solvent such as ethyl ether ormethylene dichloride. The aqueous layer is then basified and extracted.After evaporation of the washed and dried extracts the residual ylide isobtained. Since the ylide is unstable it is preferably used withoutdelay in the above reaction.

In the second step, the intermediate of formula (VII) obtained above iscontacted with hydrogen to provide the valuable intermediate of formula(VIII),2-[5α-hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(2-formylethyl)-cyclopent-1α-yl]aceticacid, γ-lactone. The hydrogenation is carried out in the presence of acatalytic amount of a metal catalyst under conditions known toselectively reduce olefinic double bonds without reducing the aldehydemoiety, see for example, Freifelder, "Practical CatalyticHydrogenation", Wiley Interscience Division of John Wiley and Sons,Inc., New York, N. Y., 1971, pp. 150-154.

In accordance with the process for preparing the compounds of theinvention, the α,β-unsaturated aldehyde (VII) is placed in any of avariety of reaction inert solvent mediums in the presence of saidcatalyst and contacted with hydrogen at an appropriate temperature andpressure until the double bond is reduced. Thereafter, the desiredaldehyde (VIII) may be recovered by conventional procedures involvingcatalyst removal and recovery of the product from the solvent medium.

As used herein "reaction inert solvent medium" refers to any mediumwhich is a solvent or suitable suspending agent for the reactant, isstable under the hydrogenation conditions and does not interfere withthe effectiveness of the catalyst or interact with the reactant orproduct. Polar organic solvents are generally suitable and include thelower alkanols such as methanol, ethanol, and butanol, etc., cyclic andstraight chain water soluble ethers such as dioxane, tetrahydrofuran,diethylene glycol monomethylether, and 2-ethoxyethanol.

As will be appreciated, these solvents and others are conventional inknown hydrogenation techniques and hence are not critical.

The preferred temperature range for the hydrogenation is from about 0°to about 60°. Room temperature is especially preferred for reasons ofconvenience. At temperatures below 0° the reaction is inordinately slowwhereas at temperatures about 60°, undesireable byproducts may beformed. As is to be expected, the higher the temperature, the faster thereaction rate.

While a wide variety of catalysts known in the art may be employed forthis hydrogenation, the preferred catalysts are Raney nickel and thenoble metals platinum and palladium. The noble metal catalysts may beeither of the supported or non-supported type, as well as the knowncatalytic compounds thereof such as the oxides, chlorides, etc. Examplesof suitable catalyst supports include carbon, silica and barium sulfate.The catalysts may be performed or formed in situ by prereduction of anappropriate salt of the catalytic compound. Examples of preferredcatalysts are 5% palladium-on-carbon, 5% platinum-on-carbon, platinumchloride, palladium chloride and platinum oxide. Materials such as thelatter, where the metal is in a combined, non-elemental form, generallyrequire prereduction before the hydrogenation can take place. This isaccomplished simply by suspending the catalyst precursor in thehydrogenation medium, hydrogenating it, adding the substrate andcontinuing the hydrogenation. Alternatively, all of the components canbe incorporated at once and hydrogenation commenced. The formerprocedure has the advantage of permitting the operator to separatelydetermine the quantity of hydrogen absorbed during the catalystprereduction and hydrogenation phase. The extent of hydrogenation canthen be more readily controlled. For reasons of efficiency, anespecially preferred catalyst is 5% palladium-on-carbon.

The expression "catalytic amount" as used herein is well understood bythose skilled in the art of hydrogenation.

The pressure employed during hydrogenation is not critical and pressuresof from atmospheric to 2000 p.s.i. are preferred. The hydrogenation isusually completed in a time period which may vary from a few minutes toa few hours.

The intermediate (VIII) is then reacted in the next step with a lithiumacetylide of the formula R¹ C.tbd.C.sup.⊖ Li.sup.⊕, a trans-1-alkenyllithium, of the formula ##STR15## or vinyl lithium to provide novelcompounds of formula (IX). When the lithium acetylides are employed, theproducts of the reaction are of the formula (IXa) in which Z is--C.tbd.C-- (ethynylene); when the above mentioned trans-alkenyllithiums are employed, the products are of the formula (IXc) in which Zis ##STR16## (trans-vinylene); and when vinyl lithium is utilized, theproduct is of formula (IX) in which ZR¹ is --CH═CH₂.

The intermediate (VIII) and at least an equimolar amount of one of thecompounds R¹ ZLi are contacted in the presence of a reaction inertorganic solvent under anhydrous conditions and in the presence of aninert atmosphere to provide the desired compounds of formula (IX). Thereaction may be carried out at a temperature in the range of from about-100° to -20°, and temperatures of from about -80° to -50° arepreferred.

Examples of reaction inert solvents which may be employed are ethylether, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, hexane and pentane. Thereaction is usually complete within a matter of a few minutes to a fewhours. The desired product, (IX), is isolated by well-known methods suchas pouring the reaction mixture onto ice-water, extracting with a waterimmiscible organic solvent, and removal of solvent by evaporation. Theresidue may then be purified, if desired, by standard methods such ascolumn chromatography employing solvents of gradually increasingpolarity for elution.

The compounds of formula (IX) are then reacted to introduce an hydroxylprotecting group on the side chain hydroxyl moiety. Suitable hydroxylprotecting groups are those which are stable to basic hydrolysis andreadily removed by mild acid hydrolysis. Many of such suitable groupsfor protecting alcohols are known in the art. See for example: C. D.Djerassi, ed., "Steroid Reactions: An Outline for Organic Chemists",Holden-Day, San Francisco, 1963, pp. 1-89; L. F. Fieser, "Reagents forOrganic Synthesis", John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 1968; L. F.Fieser, "Reagents for Organic Synthesis", Volume II, Wiley Interscience,New York, 1969. Examples of such suitable hydroxyl protecting groups are2-tetrahydropyranyl, 2-tetrahydrofuranyl and dimethyl-t-butylsilyl. Thepreferred protecting group is 2-tetrahydropyranyl which provides thenovel intermediates of formula (X).

The introduction of the preferred 2-tetrahydropyranyl hydroxylprotecting group is carried out by methods well known in the art toprovide the compounds (X). For example, the hydroxyl-containing compoundof formula (IX) is contacted with at least an equimolar amount of2,3-dihydropyran under substantially anhydrous conditions in thepresence of a reaction inert organic solvent such as chloroform,methylene chloride, ethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran and the like, and acatalytic amount of acid such as sulfuric acid, hydrogen chloride,p-toluenesulfonic acid and the like are added. The mixture is maintainedat a temperature in the range of about -20° to 50° for a time period ofabout 15 minutes to 4 hours. The desired product is then isolated bystandard methods and is ordinarily used in the next reaction stepwithout further purification.

It should be noted that the abbreviation THP as used herein denotes the2-tetrahydropyranyl moiety.

Of course, in any of the intermediates of formulae (VI) through (XIII)which contain the 2-tetrahydropyranyl hydroxyl protecting group, the THPgroup used therein could be replaced by any of the other suitablehydroxyl protecting groups mentioned above such as 2-tetrahydrofuranyl,dimethyl-t-butylsilyl and the like, and use of other such hydroxylprotecting groups is considered to be within the scope and purview ofthe invention.

In the next step in the process of the invention, the hydroxyl protectedlactones of formula (X) are converted to the hemiacetals (XI). Thelactone is dissolved in a suitable solvent such as toluene and asolution of diisobutylaluminum hydride in hexane is added. After 1 to 2hours at a temperature below -60°, the reaction mixture is quenched,diluted with ether, washed with aqueous sodium potassium tartratesolution, and dried. Evaporation of solvent affords the crude product(XI) which may be purified further, e.g., by column chromatography onsilica gel.

Hemiacetal (XI) is combined with the ylide solution produced from(4-carboxy-n-butyl)triphenylphosphonium bromide and sodiummethylsulfinylmethide in dimethylsulfoxide. After a reaction period offrom about 30 minutes to a few hours at a temperature in the range ofabout 0° to 80° and preferably at about 20° to 60°, the reaction mixtureis poured onto ice water. The basic solution thus produced is extracted,for example, with ethyl acetate or ether, acidified, further extracted,washed, dried and concentrated. The crude product of formula (XII) maythen be purified, for example, by chromatography.

Oxidation of the 9-hydroxy group of the novel compounds of formula (XII)with Jones' reagent [see Jones et al.., Jour. Chem. Soc., 457, 2548,3019 (1953)] affords the corresponding 9-oxo compounds (XIII). Afterexposure of the compound of formula (XII) to approximately an equimolaramount of Jones' reagent, typically at about -10° for about 10 minutes,the reaction mixture is poured onto a water immiscible solvent,typically ethyl acetate, washed with water, dried and concentrated todryness. The product thus obtained is ordinarily of sufficient purityfor use in the next step.

The removal of the hydroxy protecting groups such as the2-tetrahydropyranyl groups by hydrolysis in dilute acid then affords thedesired compounds of formula (XIV). Typically, the hydrolysis is broughtabout by exposure of the compound (XIII) to an excess of aqueous aceticacid at about room temperature and typically at about 27° for about 12to 18 hours under an inert atmosphere. The reaction mixture is thenconcentrated by evaporation and the residue purified by chromatographyon silica gel.

While the compounds of formulae (XIV) and (XV) were found to havecomparable biological profiles, the p-biphenylyl esters (XV) arepreferred because of their higher degree of crystallinity and theirgreater ease of handling. The latter compounds are obtained byesterification of the acids of formula (XIV) with a 3 to 10 molar excessof p-phenylphenol in the presence of a reaction inert organic solventand in the presence of at least an equimolar amount, based on thecompound (XIV), of certain condensing agents known in the art to promoteformation of ester bonds. Examples of such agents are the carbodiimidessuch as dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride. Thepreferred condensing agent is dicyclohexylcarbodiimide for reasons ofeconomy and efficiency.

Examples of suitable reaction inert organic solvents for carrying outthe esterification are methylene chloride, chloroform, trichloroethyleneand 1,2-dichloroethane. Typically the reaction is carried out inmethylene chloride, under anhydrous conditions and under an inertatmosphere. While the esterification may be carried out successfullyover a wide range of temperature such as from about 20° to 100°, it ispreferred to combine the reactants and solvent at about roomtemperature, at which temperature the reaction is ordinarilysubstantially complete in about 1-2 hours or less. The desiredp-biphenylyl ester is isolated by evaporation of solvent and purified bychromatography on silica gel.

As mentioned above, the compounds of the invention obtained by thereaction sequence outlined in Scheme A are those of formula (I) whereinZ is ethynylene or trans-vinylene. The process for preparing thecompounds of formula (I) wherein Z is cis-vinylene is outlined below inScheme B. ##STR17##

The process for preparing the cis-16-enes can utilize any of thecompounds of formulae (IXa) through (XVIa) shown in Scheme A, above,that is any of the above compounds in which Z is --C.tbd.C--. Suchcompounds can be contacted with hydrogen in the presence of any of thecatalysts known in the art to selectively reduce an acetylenic group toa cis-olefin (see for example, Friefelder, op. cit., pp. 84-126 andreferences cited therein; and L. F. Fieser, "Reagents for OrganicSynthesis," John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 1968, pp. 566-567, andreferences cited therein) to obtain the corresponding compounds offormulae (IXb) through (XVIb). However, the preferred intermediates foruse as starting material to prepare the cis-16-enes are the compounds ofthe formulae (IXa) and (Xa). Either of these acetylenic intermediates,when contacted with hydrogen in the presence of one of the selectivecatalysts, takes up an equimolar amount of hydrogen to provide thecorresponding compounds of formulae (IXb) and (Xb). If a compound offormula (IXa) is employed as starting material, the hydrogenated productof formula (IXb) must then be treated to introduce the2-tetrahydropyranyl hydroxyl protecting group by methods described aboveto obtain the novel intermediate of formula (Xb).

Examples of such catalysts which selectively reduce acetylenic groups tocis-olefins are lead poisoned palladium-on-calcium carbonate, leadpoisoned palladium-on-barium carbonate, and either of the former in thepresence of quinoline, isoquinoline, or pyridine, nickel, includingRaney nickel, iron, platinum and platinum oxide. The preferred catalystis lead poisoned palladium-on-calcium carbonate, the so-called Lindlarcatalyst, in the presence of quinoline.

In a typical experiment the starting material of formula (IXa) or (Xa)and catalytic amounts of the Lindlar catalyst and quinoline are combinedin a reaction inert organic solvent such as benzene. The mixture iscontacted with hydrogen at about atmospheric pressure. After thecalculated amount of hydrogen [1 mole per mole of (IXa) or (Xa)] hasbeen taken up, the mixture is filtered to remove catalyst and thesolvent evaporated to provide the desired cis-olefin of formula (IXb) or(Xb). The product may be purified if desired, for example, bychromatography on silica gel.

The cis-olefins of formula (Xb), obtained as described above, are thencarried through the same reaction steps as described above for thepreparation of the corresponding acetylenic and trans-olefinic compoundsto provide the novel intermediates of formulae (XIb), (XIIb), (XIIIb)and (XVIb) as well as the desired bronchodilators of formulae (XIVb) and(XVb).

The mixture of 15-hydroxy epimers of formula (II) wherein M is oxygen or##STR18## and R¹ and Z are as previously defined can be separated intothe individual epimers (III) and (IV) as shown below.

The preferred method of separation of the above epimers is bychromatography on silica gel either by employing a column of silica gelor by preparative thin layer silica gel plates. Separations areefficient when elution is carried out with solvents such as ethyloptionally followed by mixtures of ethyl ether and ethyl acetate. Byanalogy with the natural prostaglandins, it is assumed that the slowermoving epimers are those of formula (III), while the faster movingepimers are of formula (IV).

Compounds of the formula (II), (III) or (IV), above, may be reacted withactive manganese dioxide under conditions known to selectively convertallylic or α,β-acetylenic alcohols to ketones, as shown below, toprovide the 15-keto compounds (V) wherein M, Z and R¹ have the valuespreviously defined. ##STR19## The preparation of the active manganesedioxide and its use for oxidation of allylic and α,β-acetylenic alcoholshas been previously described, see e.g., Stork, et. al., Jour. Amer.Chem. Soc., 86, 471 (1964). The 15-keto compounds (V) wherein M isoxygen are also valuable selective bronchodilating agents.

As the literature cited under "Background of the Invention" establishes,the natural prostaglandins are known to exhibit a spectrum ofphysiological activities. In numerous in vivo and in vitro tests, allthe compounds of formula (I) wherein R is hydrogen or biphenylyl; R¹ isa member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, phenyl andalkyl having from one to eleven carbon atoms; Q is a member selectedfrom the group consisting of oxygen, ##STR20## and mixtures of ##STR21##and Z is a member selected from the group consisting of --C.tbd.C--,##STR22## have been shown to have significant bronchodilator activitywith greater selectivity of action than the natural prostaglandins. Saidcompounds of formula (I) are useful in mammals, including man, asbronchodilators. The above mentioned tests include a test for relativepotency for spasmogenic effects on isolated guinea pig uterus, a testfor effect on histamine and induced bronchospasm in the guinea pig, atest for effects on dog blood pressure, a test for relative potency forinducing diarrhea in mice and a test for relative potency for inhibitionof gastric acidity in rats. These tests reveal that the compounds offormula (I) wherein R¹ is phenyl are also useful as antisecretoryagents. Representative data are shown in Table I, below.

                                      TABLE I                                     __________________________________________________________________________     ##STR23##                                                                                 Spasmogenic                                                                          Broncho-                                                                           Dog Blood    Antisec-                                R.sup.1      Effects.sup.a                                                                        dilation.sup.b                                                                     Pressure.sup.c                                                                       Diarrhea.sup.d                                                                      retory.sup.e                            __________________________________________________________________________    where Z is CC:                                                                CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                                 0.1    19   25     --    33                                                               threshold                                                                     0.4 μg./Kg.                                       CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                         --     48   20     --     0                                                               threshold                                                                     0.4 μg./Kg.                                       CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3                                                         0.1    61   20     --    30                                                               threshold                                                                     10 μg./Kg.                                        C.sub.6 H.sub.5                                                                            5       3   the acid was                                                                         <10   28                                                               inactive at                                                                   20 μg./Kg.                                        where ZR.sup.1 is CHCH.sub.2 :                                                --           0.01   32   Inactive                                                                             --     0                                                               >20 mg./Kg.                                           ##STR24##                                                                    CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                                 0.1    53   10     <10   40                                                               threshold                                                                     1.0 μg./Kg.                                       CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                         0.3    38   50     --    60                                                               threshold                                                                     1.0 μg./Kg.                                       CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3                                                         0.4    61   10     --    10                                                               threshold                                                                     4 μg./Kg.                                         C.sub.6 H.sub.5                                                                            0.2    13    5     --    33                                                               threshold                                                                     4.0 μg./Kg.                                        ##STR25##                                                                    CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3                                                         --     59   --     --    10                                      __________________________________________________________________________     .sup.a Relative potency on isolated guinea pig uterus (PGE.sub.2              /PGF.sub.2α = 100).                                                     .sup.b Approximate protection by equimolar aerosal dose on guinea pigs        (100 μg./ml. PGE.sub.2 ≅ 90-100)                                 .sup.c Relative potency (PGE.sub.2 /PGF.sub.2α = 100) for depressor     effect on dog blood pressure.                                                 .sup.d Relative potency for inducing diarrhea in mice (PGE.sub.2 = 100).      .sup.e Relative potency for inhibition of pentagastrin stimulated gastric     acid secretion in rats (PGE.sub.2 = 100).                                

Particularly preferred selective bronchodilators of the invention arethe compounds of formula (XV) wherein Z is --C.tbd.C-- and R¹ is either--CH₂ CH₂ CH₃ or --CH₂ (CH₂)₃ CH₃, those wherein Z is ##STR26## and R¹is --CH₂ CH₂ CH₃ or --CH₂ (CH₂)₃ CH₃ and those wherein Z is ##STR27##and R¹ is --CH₂ (CH₂)₃ CH₃.

The compounds of formula (XV) wherein R¹ is C₆ H₅ and Z is --C.tbd.C--or ##STR28## are examples of compounds of the invention having usefulantisecretory activity.

As nasal decongestants, the aforesaid selective bronchodilators offormula (I) are used in a dose range of about 10 μg. to about 10 mg. perml. of a pharmalogically suitable liquid vehicle such as aqueous alcoholor as an aerosol spray, both for topical application. They are alsouseful in controlling spasm and facilitating breathing in conditionssuch as bronchial asthma, bronchitis, bronchiectasis, pneumonia andemphysema. For these purposes, these compounds are administered in avariety of routes in a number of dosage forms, e.g., orally in the formof tablets, capsules, or liquids; rectally in the form of suppositories;parentally with intravenous administration being preferred in emergencysituations; by inhalation in the form of aerosols or solutions fornebulizers; or by insufflation in the form of powder. Doses in the rangeof about 0.01 to 5 mg. per kg. of body weight are used 1 to 4 times aday. The compounds of the invention can also be combined advantageouslywith other anti-asthmatic agents, such as sympathomimetics(isopropterenol, phenylephrine, ephedrine, etc.); xanthine derivatives(theophylline and aminophyllin); and corticosteroids (ACTH andprednisolone).

As mentioned above, certain of the compounds of the invention are alsouseful antisecretory agents, and they may be used for this purpose inmammals, including man and animals to reduce and control excessivegastric secretion, thereby reducing or avoiding gastrointestinal ulcerformation, and accelerating the healing of such ulcers already presentin the gastrointestinal tract. For this purpose, the compounds areadministered orally, parentally by injection or by intravenous infusionin an infusion dose range of about 0.1 μg. to about 500 μg. per kg. ofbody weight per minute, or in a total daily dose orally, by injection orinfusion in the range of about 0.1 to about 20 mg. per kg. of bodyweight per day.

The following examples are merely illustrative, and in no way limit thescope of the appended claims. All temperatures are given in degreesCentigrade and all percentages are by weight unless otherwise indicated.Infrared absorption bands are reported in wave numbers (cm⁻¹). Nuclearmagnetic resonance spectra (¹ H-nmr) are measured at 60 MHz and peakpositions are expressed in parts per million, ppm (δ) downfield fromtetramethylsilane. The following abbreviations are used for peak shapes:b, broad; s, singlet; d, doublet; t, triplet; q, quartet; m, multiplet.

EXAMPLE 1 2-[5α-Hydroxy-3α(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(2-formylvinyl)cyclopent-1α-yl]acetic acid, γ-lactone(VII)

To a solution of 3 g. (11 mmole)2-[5α-Hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-formylcyclopent-1α-yl]aceticacid, γ-lactone(VI), (prepared by the procedure of Corey et al., J. Am.Chem. Soc., 93, 1490 (1971)] in 20 ml. of anhydrous methylene chloridewas added dropwise (over 20 minutes) a solution of 2 g (11 mmole)formylmethylene dimethylphenyl phosphonium ylid.* After completeaddition, the reaction was flushed with nitrogen and placed in a freezer(-20°) overnight.

The reaction mixture was then diluted with methylene chloride and washedwith water. The organic layer was dried (Na₂ SO₄) and evaporated toyield 4.3 g. of crude material which was purified by chromatography on120 g. of silica gel (Baker "Analyzed" Reagent). After elution of highR_(f) impurities, the product, 1.5 g., was collected. ¹ H-nmr(CDCl₃)ppm(δ): 1.20-3.12 and 3.12-4.35 (two multiplets, 15), 4.62 (s,l), 4.80-5.15(m,l), 5.84-7.00 (m,2, olefinic protons), 9.75 (d,l,CHO). IR (CHCl₃)cm⁻¹ :1775 (lactone), 1690 (aldehyde).

EXAMPLE 22-[5α-Hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(2-formylethyl)cyclopent-1α-yl]aceticacid, γ-lactone(VIII)

A solution of 1.1 g. (3.5 mmole)2-[5α-hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(2-formylvinyl)cyclopent-1α-yl]aceticacid, γ-lactone (VII) in 30 ml. of absolute ethanol containing 300 mg.of 5% Pd/C catalyst was hydrogenated at 15 psi for 20 minutes (hydrogenuptake was 100 ml). The reaction was filtered and evaporated to give 1.1g. of crude product which was purified by chromatography on 30 g. silicagel (Baker "Analyzed" Reagent 60-200 mesh). After elution of high R_(f)impurities the fractions containing the title compound were collectedand evaporated to obtain 800 mg. ¹ H-nmr (CDCl₃)ppm(δ): 0.64-2.85 and3.00-4.13 (two multiplets,19), 4.60(s,l), 4.72-5.17(m,l), 9.30(s,l,CHO).IR (CHCl₃)cm⁻¹ : 1770 (lactone), 1730 (aldehyde).

EXAMPLE 32-[5α-Hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(3-hydroxy-5-phenyl-4-pentyne-1-yl)cyclopent-1α-yl]aceticacid, γ-lactone (1Xa,R¹ ═C₆ H₅)

To a solution of 1.66 g. (6 mmole)2-[5α-hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(2-formylethyl)cyclopent-1α-yl]aceticacid, γ-lactone(VIII) in 70 ml. of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran at -78° ina dry nitrogen atmosphere was added dropwise 18.3 ml. (9 mmole) 0.49Mlithium phenylacetylide* in tetrahydrofuran. The reaction was stirred at-78° for 20 minutes then poured onto 200 ml. of ether/ethyl acetate(50/50) containing ice-water. The organic layer was separated, washedwith brine, dried (Na₂ SO₄) and evaporated to give 2.2 g. crude productwhich was purified by column chromatography on 150 g. of silica gel(Baker "Analyzed" Reagent 60-200 mesh). After elution of high R_(f)impurities, 1.4 g. of the title compound was collected. ¹ H-nmr (CDCl₃)ppm (δ): 1.10-3.10 and 3.20-4.51 (two multiplets, 20), 4.40-4.82 (m, 2), 4.82-5.20 (bs, 1), 7.35 (s, 5, C₆ H₅). IR (CHCl₃) cm⁻¹ : 1770(lactone) 3600 (hydroxyl).

EXAMPLE 42-[5α-Hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(3-{tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy}-5-phenyl-4-pentyne-1-yl)cyclopent-1α-yl]aceticacid, γ-lactone (Xa, R¹ ═C₆ H₅)

To a cold (-10°) solution of 2.5 g. (6.5 mmole)2-[5α-Hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(3-hydroxy-5-phenyl-4-pentyne-1-yl)cyclopent-1α-yl]aceticacid, γ-lactone (IXa, R¹ ═C₆ H₅) in 30 ml. anhydrous methylene chloridecontaining 815 mg. (9.7 mmole) 2,3-dihydropyran was added 25 mg.p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate. After stirring for 3 hours at -10°,the reaction was poured onto ether (150 ml.), washed with aqueous sodiumbicarbonate (20 ml.), dried (Na₂ SO₄) and evaporated to give 3.3 g. ofthe title compound of sufficient purity for use in the next step.

EXAMPLE 52-[5α-Hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(3-{tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy}-5-phenyl-4-pentyne-1-yl)cyclopent-1α-yl]-acetaldehyde,γ-hemiacetal (XIa, R¹ ═C₆ H₅)

A solution of 3.3 g. (7.05 mmole)2-[5α-Hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy}-2β-(3-{tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy}-5-phenyl-4-pentyne-1-yl)cyclopent-1α-yl]aceticacid, γ-lactone (Xa, R¹ ═C₆ H₅) in 70 ml. anhydrous toluene was cooledto -78° in a dry nitrogen atmosphere. To this cooled solution was added9.6 ml. (7.7 mmole) of 20% diisobutylaluminum hydride in n-hexane (AlfaInorganics) dropwise over 20 minutes at such a rate that the temperatureremained below -66°. After an additional 45 minutes of stirring at -78°,the reaction mixture was diluted with ether (300 ml.). The ethersolution was washed with 50% (w/w) sodium potassium tartrate solution(2×50 ml.), dried (MgSO₄) and concentrated to yield 3.5 g. crude productwhich was purified by column chromatography on 150 g. of silica gel(Baker "Analyzed" Reagent 60-200 mesh). The yield of pure title compoundwas 2.4 g.

EXAMPLE 69α-Hydroxy-11α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-15-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-17-phenyl-ω-trinor-prosta-cis-5-ene-16-yneoicacid (XII a, R¹ ═C₆ H₅)

To a solution of 6.65 g. (15 mmole)(4-carboxy-n-butyl)triphenylphosphonium bromide in 10 ml. of anhydrousdimethylsulfoxide in a dry nitrogen atmosphere was added 18 ml. (28.5mmole) of a 1.58 M solution of sodium methylsulfinylmethide indimethylsulfoxide. To this red ylide solution at 40° (oil bath) wasadded dropwise a solution of 2 g. (4.25 mmole)2-[5α-hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(3-{tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy}-5-phenyl-4-pentyne-1-yl)cyclopent-1α-yl]acetaldehyde,γ-hemiacetal (XIa, R¹ ═C₆ H₅) in 10 ml. of dry dimethylsulfoxide over aperiod of 10 minutes. After 45 minutes at 40°, the reaction was pouredonto ice water. The basic aqueous solution (200 ml.) was covered withethyl acetate (200 ml.) and with vigorous stirring was acidified to pH˜3 with 1N aqueous hydrochloric acid. The acidic solution was extractedwith ethyl acetate (2×200 ml.) and the combined organic extracts washedwith saturated brine, dried (Na₂ SO₄) and evaporated to a solid residuewhich was triturated with ether and filtered. The filtrate wasconcentrated and purified by column chromatography on 175 g. silica gel(Baker "Analyzed" Reagent 60-200 mesh). After removal of less polarimpurities, the fractions containing the title compound were combinedand evaporated to dryness to obtain 1.8 g. of purified product.

EXAMPLE 79-oxo-11α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-15-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-17-phenyl-ω-trinor-prosta-cis-5-ene-16-yneoicacid (XIII a, R¹ ═C₆ H₅)

To a solution of 554 mg. (1 mmole)9α-Hydroxy-11α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-15-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-17-phenyl-ω-trinor-prosta-cis-5-ene-16-yneoicacid (XIIa, R¹ ═C₆ H₅) in 20 ml. of acetone at -10° in a dry nitrogenatmosphere was added 0.42 ml. (1.1 mmole) of 2.67 M. Jones' reagent[see, e.g., Jour. Chem. Soc., 3019 (1953)]. After 10 minutes at -10°,the reaction was poured onto ethyl acetate (75 ml.), washed with water(1×25 ml.), dried (Na₂ SO₄) and concentrated to yield 530 mg. of thedesired product.

EXAMPLE 89-oxo-11α,15-dihydroxy-17-phenyl-ω-trinor-prosta-cis-5-ene-16-yneoicacid (XIVa, R¹ ═C₆ H₅)

A solution of 530 mg. crude9-oxo-11α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy-15-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-17-phenyl-ω-trinor-prosta-cis-5-ene-16-yneoicacid (XIIa, R¹ ═C₆ H₅) in 10 ml. of a 65:35 mixture of glacial aceticacid/water was stirred under nitrogen at 27° overnight, thenconcentrated by rotary evaporation at reduced pressure.The resultantcrude oil was purified by chromatography on 30 g. silica gel(MallincKrodt CC-7 100-200 mesh). After elution of less polarimpurities, the9-oxo-11α,15-dihydroxy-17-phenyl-ω-trinor-prosta-cis-5-ene-16-yneoicacid, weighing 120 mg., was collected. IR (CHCl₃) cm⁻¹ : 1710 (COOH),1740 (ketone), 3600 (hydroxyl).

EXAMPLE 99α,11α,15-trihydroxy-17-phenyl-ω-trinor-prosta-cis-5-ene-16-yneoic acid(XVIa, R¹ ═C₆ H₅)

A solution of 250 mg.9α-hydroxy-11α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-15-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-17-phenyl-ω-trinor-prosta-cis-5-ene-16-ynoicacid (XIIa, R¹ ═C₆ H₅) in 5 ml. of a 65:35 mixture of glacial aceticacid/water was stirred under nitrogen at 27° overnight, thenconcentrated in vacuo by rotary evaporation. The resultant crude oil waspurified by chromatography on 25 g. silica gel (Mallinckrodt CC-7100-200 mesh). After elution of less polar impurities fractionscontaining 60 mg. of the title compound were collected and evaporated todryness. IR(CHCl₃)cm⁻¹ : 1710(COOH), 3600(hydroxyl).

EXAMPLE 102-[5α-Hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(3-{tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy}-2β-(3-hydroxy-5-phenyl-pent-cis-4-ene-1-yl)cyclopent-1α-yl]laceticacid, γ-lactone (IXb, R¹ ═C₆ H₅)

A solution of 1.47 g. (3.85 mmole)2-[5α-hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(3-hydroxy-5-phenyl-4-pentyn-1-yl)cyclopent-1α-yl]aceticacetic acid, γ-lactone (IXa, R¹ ═C₆ H₅) in 40 ml. of anhydrous benzenecontaining 4 drops of quinoline was hydrogenated at atmospheric pressureover 260 mg. of Lindlar catalyst. After 2 hours the rate of hydrogenuptake stopped (73 ml. H₂ had been absorbed). The reaction mixture wasfiltered and evaporated to give 1.5 g. of crude product which waspurified by column chromatography on 100 g. silica gel (Baker "Analyzed"Reagent 60-200 mesh). The yield of purified title compound was 1.33 g. ¹H-nmr (CDCl₃) ppm (δ): 1.10-3.20 (m, 20), 4.20-4.80 (m, 2), 4.80-5.18(bs, 1), 5.65 (t, 1, olefinic proton), 6.50 (d, 1, olefinic proton),7.34 (s, 5, C₆ H₅), IR (CHCl₃) cm⁻¹ : 1770 (lactone), 3600 (hydroxyl).

EXAMPLE 112-[5α-Hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(3-{tetrahydropyran-2-yloxyγ-5-phenyl-pent-cis-4-ene-1-yl)cyclopent-1α-yl]aceticacid, γ-lactone (Xb, R¹ ═C₆ H₅)

To a solution of 1.6 g. (4.15 mmole)2-[5α-hydroxy-3α(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(3-hydroxy-5-phenyl-pent-cis-4-ene-1-yl)cyclopent-1α-yl]-aceticacid, γ-lactone (IXb, R¹ ═C₆ H₅) in 30 ml. anhydrous methylene chloridecontaining 0.5 ml. (6.6 mmole) of 2,3-dihydropyran at 0° in a drynitrogen atmosphere was added 30 mg. p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate.After stirring for 40 minutes at 0°, the reaction was poured onto ether(200 ml.). The ether solution was washed with saturated sodiumbicarbonate (1×50 ml.) then saturated brine (1×50 ml.), dried (Na₂ SO₄)and concentrated to yield 2.0 g. of the desired product.

EXAMPLE 122-[5-Hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(3-{tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy}-5-phenyl-pent-cis-4-ene-1-yl)cyclopent-1α-yl]acetaldehyde,γ-hemiacetal (XIb, R¹ ═C₆ H₅)

A solution of 2.0 g. (4.25 mmole)2-[5α-hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(3-{tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy}-5-phenyl-pent-cis-4-ene-1-yl)cyclopent-1α-yl]aceticacid, γ-lactone (Xb, R¹ ═C₆ H₅) in 35 ml. anhydrous toluene was cooledto -78° in a dry nirogen atmosphere. To this cooled solution was added5.9 ml. (4.7 mmole) of 20% diisobutylaluminum hydride in n-hexane (AlfaInorganics) dropwise over 20 minutes at such a rate that the temperatureremained below -66°. After an additional 45 minutes of stirring at -78°,the reaction was diluted with ether (250 ml.). The ether solution waswashed with 50% (w/w) sodium potassium tartrate solution (2×50 ml.),dried (MgSO₄) and concentrated to yield 2.3 g. of the crude titlecompound which was purified by column chromatography on 125 g. of silicagel (Baker "Analyzed" Reagent). The yield of pure product was 1.7 g.(85%).

EXAMPLE 139α-Hydroxy-11α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-15-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-17-phenyl-ω-trinor-prosta-cis-5,16-dienoicacid (XIIb, R¹ ═C₆ H₅)

To a solution of 3.24 g. (7.32 mmole)(4-carboxy-n-butyl)triphenylphosphonium bromide 15 ml. of anhydrousdimethylsulfoxide in a dry nitrogen atmosphere was added 7.7 ml. (13.9mmole) of a 1.8 M solution of sodium methylsulfinylmethide in drydimethylsulfoxide. To this red ylid solution at 40° (oil bath) was addeddropwise a solution 1.15 g. (2.44mmole)2-[5α-hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(3-{tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy}-5-phenyl-pent-cis-4-ene-1-yl)cyclopent-1α-yl]acetaldehyde,γ-hemiacetal (XIb, R¹ ═C₆ H₅) in 10 ml. of dry dimethylsulfoxide over aperiod of 10 minutes. After 45 minutes at 40°, the reaction was pouredonto ice water. The basic aqueous solution (150 ml.) was covered withethyl acetate (150 ml.) and with vigorous stirring was acidified to pH˜3 with 1N aqueous hydrochloric acid. The acidic solution was extractedwith ethyl acetate (2×75 ml.) and the combined organic extracts washedwith saturated brine, dried (Na₂ SO₄) and evaporated to a solid residuewhich was triturated with ether and filtered. The filtrate wasconcentrated and purified by column chromatography on 100 g. silica gel(Baker "Analyzed" Reagent 60-200 mesh). After removal of high R_(f)impurities, 1.1 g. of pure title compound was collected.

EXAMPLE 149-oxo-11α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-15-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)17-phenyl-ω-trinor-prosta-cis-5,16-dienoic acid (XIIIb, R¹ ═C₆ H₅)

To a solution of 733 mg. (1.4 mmole)9α-hydroxy-11α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-15-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-17-phenyl-ω-trinor-prosta-cis-5,16-dienoicacid in 60 ml. of acetone at -10° in a dry nitrogen atmosphere was added0.6 ml. (1.5 mmole) of 2.67 M. Jones' reagent. After 10 minutes at -10°,the reaction was poured onto ethyl acetate (200 ml.), washed with water(2×50 ml.), dried (Na₂ SO₄) and concentrated to yield 800 mg. crude9-oxo-11α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-15-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-17-phenyl-ω-trinor-prosta-cis-5,16-dienoicacid.

EXAMPLE 159-oxo-11α,15-dihydroxy-17-phenyl-ω-trinor-prosta-cis-5,16-dienoic acid(XIVb,R¹ ═C₆ H₅)

A solution of 830 mg. of the product of Example 14 (XIIIb, R¹ ═C₆ H₅),in 20 ml. of a 65:35 mixture of glacial acetic acid/water was stirredunder nitrogen at 27° overnight, then concentrated by rotaryevaporation. The resultant crude oil was purified by chromatography on45 g. silica gel (Mallinckrodt CC-7 100-200 mesh). After elution of lesspolar impurities, fractions containing 320 mg. of9-oxo-11α-15-dihydroxy-17-phenyl-ω-trinor-prosta-cis-5,16-dienoic acidwere collected. ¹ H-nmr (CDCl₃) ppm (δ): 1.00-2.64 and 3.72-4.30 (twomultiplets, 16), 4.30-4.83 (m, 1), 5.00-6.00 (m, 6, three olefinicprotons, two hydroxyl protons and COOH), 6.50 (d, 1, olefinic proton),7.28 (s, 5, C₆ H₅). IR (CHCl₃) cm⁻¹ : 1710 (COOH), 1740 (ketone), 3600(hydroxyl).

EXAMPLE 15A 9α,11α,15-Trihydroxy-17-phenyl-ω-trinor-cis-5,16 dienoicacid (XVIb, R¹ ═C₆ H₅)

By employing9α-hydroxy-11α(tetrahydropyran-2-yl-oxy)-15-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-17-phenyl-ω-trinor-prosta-cis-5,16-dienoicacid (XIIb, R¹ ═C₆ H₅) in place of the corresponding 9-oxo compound(XIIIb, R¹ ═C₆ H₅) in the above hydrolysis procedure the title compoundis similarly obtained.

EXAMPLE 169-oxo-11α,15-dihydroxy-17-phenyl-ω-trinor-prosta-cis-5,16-dienoic acid,p-biphenylyl ester (XVb, R¹ ═C₆ H₅)

To a partial solution of 1.2 g. (7 mmole) p-phenylphenol in 20 ml.anhydrous methylene chloride in a dry nitrogen atmosphere was added 270mg. (0.7 mmole)9-oxo-11α,15-dihydroxy-17-phenyl-ω-trinor-prosta-cis-5,16-dienoic acid(XVIb, R¹ ═C₆ H₅). A solution of 226 mg. (1.1 mmole)dicyclohexylcarbodiimide in 5 ml. anhydrous methylene chloride was thenadded dropwise over one hour. After stirring an additional 30 minutes atroom temperature, the solvent was evaporated and the residue purified bycolumn chromatography on 55 g. silica gel (Baker "Analyzed" Reagent60-200 mesh). After elution of high R_(f) impurities, fractionscontaining 200 mg. of the title compound were collected. The meltingpoint was 106°-123°.

EXAMPLE 16A9-Oxo-11α,15-dihydroxy-17-phenyl-ω-trinor-prosta-cis-5-ene-16-yneoicacid biphenylyl ester

By employing the above procedure, but replacing the9-oxo-11α,15-dihydroxy-17-phenyl-ω-trinor-prosta-cis-5,16-dienoic acidused therein with an equimolar amount of the product obtained in Example8 affords the title compound, M.P. 95°-109°.

EXAMPLE 172-[5α-Hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(3-hydroxy-oct-4-yn-1-yl)cyclopent-1α-yl]aceticacid, γ-lactone (IXa, R¹ ═n--C₃ H₇)

To a solution of 2.3 g. (8 mmole)2-[5α-hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(2-formylethyl)cyclopent-1α-yl]aceticacid, γ-lactone (VIII) in 120 ml. of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran at -78°in a dry nitrogen atmosphere was added dropwise 50 ml. (20 mmole) 0.49 Mlithium pentylide* in tetrahydrofuran. The reaction was stirred at -78°for 20 minutes then poured onto 200 ml. of ether/ethyl acetate (50/50)containing ice-water. The oragnic layer was separated, washed withbrine, dried (Na₂ SO₄) and evaporated to give 4.0 g. crude product whichwas purified by column chromatography on 120 g. silica gel (Baker"Analyzed" Reagent) yielding 1.7 g. of pure title compound. ¹ H-nmr(CDCl₃) ppm (δ): 1.00 (t, 3, CH₃), 1.25-4.65 (multiplets, 25), 4.65-4.88(s, 1), 4.88-5.25 (bs, 1). IR (CHCl₃)cm⁻¹ : 1770 (lactone), 3600(hydroxyl).

EXAMPLE 17A

When the above procedure is repeated but using an equimolar amount ofthe appropriate lithium acetylide (Li⁺⁻ C.tbd.C--R¹) in place of lithiumpentylide in each case, the following compounds of formula (IXa) aresimilarly obtained.

    ______________________________________                                         ##STR29##                   (IXa)                                            R.sup.1           Yield, %                                                    ______________________________________                                        CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                              60                                                          CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3                                                              56                                                          H                 --                                                          CH.sub.3          --                                                          CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                                    --                                                           ##STR30##        --                                                          ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 182-[5α-Hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(3{tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy}oct-4-yne-1-yl)cyclopent-1α-yl]aceticacid, γ-lactone(Xa, R¹ ═n--C₃ H₇)

To a solution of 1.68 g. (4.8 mmole)2-[5α-hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(3-hydroxy-oct-4-yne-1-yl)cyclopent-1α-yl]aceticacid, γ-lactone (IXa, R¹ ═n--C₃ H₇) in 60 ml. anhydrous methylenechloride containing 0.55 ml. (7.3 mmole) of 2,3-dihydropyran at 0° in adry nitrogen atmosphere was added 30 mg. p-toluenesulfonic acidmonohydrate. After stirring for 40 minutes at 0°, the reaction waspoured onto ether (200 ml.). The ether solution was washed withsaturated sodium bicarbonate (1×50 ml.) then saturated brine (1×50 ml.),dried (Na₂ SO₄) and concentrated to yield 2.12 g. of crude product.

EXAMPLE 18A

When the products prepared in Example 17A are employed in the procedureof Example 18 in place of2-[5α-hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(3-hydroxy-oct-4-yne-1-yl)cyclopent-1-yl]aceticacid, γ-lactone, the following compounds of formula (Xa) are obtained.

    ______________________________________                                         ##STR31##                   (Xa)                                             R.sup.1           Yield, %                                                    ______________________________________                                        CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                               93                                                         CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3                                                              100                                                         H                 --                                                          CH.sub.3          --                                                          CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                                    --                                                           ##STR32##        --                                                          ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 192-[5αHydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(3-{tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy}-oct-4-yne-1-yl)cyclopent-1α-yl]acetaldehyde,γ-hemiacetal (XIa, R¹ ═n--C₃ H₇)

A solution of 2.2 g. (4.9 mmole)2-[5α-hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(3-{tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy}-oct-4-yne-1yl)cyclopent-1α-yl]aceticacid, γ-lactone (Xa, R¹ ═n--C₃ H₇) in 40 ml. anhydrous toluene wascooled to -78° in a dry nitrogen atmosphere. To this cooled solution wasadded 6.8 ml. (5.4 mmole) of 20% diisobutylaluminum hydride in n-hexane(Alfa Inorganics) dropwise at such a rate that the temperature remainedbelow -66°. The addition required 20 minutes. After an additional 45minutes of stirring at -78°, the reaction was diluted with either (200ml.). The ether solution was washed with 50% (w/w) sodium potassiumtartrate solution (2×50 ml.), dried (MgSO₄) and concentrated to yield2.3 g. of crude material which was purified by column chromatography on100 g. of silica gel (Baker "Analyzed" Reagent). The yield of pure titlecompound was 1.46 g.

EXAMPLE 19A

When the products of Example 18A are employed in the above procedure inplace of2-[5α-hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(3-[tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy]-oct-4-yne-1-yl)cyclopent-1α-yl]aceticacid, γ-lactone, the following compounds are likewise obtained.

    ______________________________________                                         ##STR33##                   (XIa)                                            R.sup.1           Yield, %                                                    ______________________________________                                        CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                              100                                                         CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3                                                               67                                                         H                 --                                                          CH.sub.3          --                                                          CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                                    --                                                           ##STR34##        --                                                          ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 209α-Hydroxy-11α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-15-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-prosta-cis-5-ene-16-yneoicacid (XIIa, R¹ ═n-C₃ H₇)

To a solution of 4.08 g. (9.2 mmole)(4-carboxy-n-butyl)triphenyl-phosphonium bromide 14 ml. of anhydrousdimethylsulfoxide in a dry nitrogen atmosphere was added 9.7 ml. (17.5mmole) of a 1.80 M solution of sodium methylsulfinylmethide in drydimethylsulfoxide. To this red ylide solution at 40° (oil bath) wasadded dropwise a solution of 1.0 g. (2.3 mmole)2-[5α-hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(3-{tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy}-oct-4-yne-1-yl)cyclopent-1α-yl]acetaldehyde,γ-hemiacetal (XIa, R¹ ═n--C₃ H₇) in 9 ml. of dry dimethylsulfoxide overa period of 10 minutes. After 45 minutes at 40°, the reaction was pouredonto ice water. The basic aqueous solution (150 ml.) was covered withethyl acetate (150 ml.) and with vigorous stirring was acidified to pH˜3 with 1N aqueous hydrochloric acid. The acidic solution was extractedwith ethyl acetate (2×150 ml.) and the combined organic extracts washedwith saturated brine, dried (Na₂ SO₄) and evaporated to a solid residuewhich was triturated with ether and filtered. The filtrate wasconcentrated and purified by column chromatography on 100 g. silica gel(Baker "Analyzed" Reagent 60-200 mesh). After removal of high R_(f)impurities, 1.05 g. of9α-hydroxy-11α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-15-tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-prosta-cis-5-ene-16-yneoicacid was collected.

EXAMPLE 20A

When the products of Example 19A are employed in the above procedure inplace of the2-[5α-hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(3-{tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy}-oct-4-yne-1-yl)cyclopent-1α-yl]acetaldehyde,γ-hemiacetal used therein, the following compounds of formula (XIIa) areobtained.

    ______________________________________                                         ##STR35##                   (XIIa)                                           R.sup.1           Yield, %                                                    ______________________________________                                        CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                              83                                                          CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3                                                              79                                                          H                 --                                                          CH.sub.3          --                                                          CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                                    --                                                           ##STR36##        --                                                          ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 219-oxo-11α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-15-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-prosta-cis-5-ene-16-yneoicacid (XIIIa, R¹ ═n--C₃ H₇)

To a solution of 733 mg. (1.4 mmole)9α-hydroxy-11α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-15-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-prosta-cis-5-ene-16-yneoicacid (XIIa, R¹ ═n--C₃ H₇) in 60 ml. of acetone at -10° in a dry nitrogenatmosphere was added 6 ml. (1.6 mmole) of 2.67 M Jones' reagent. After10 minutes at -10°, the reaction was poured onto ethyl acetate (100ml.), washed with water (1×25 ml.), dried (Na₂ SO₄) and concentrated toyield 800 mg. the crude title compound.

EXAMPLE 21A

When the compounds obtained in Example 20A are employed as startingmaterial in place of the9α-hydroxy-11α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-15-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-prosta-cis-5-ene-16-yneoicacid in the procedure of Example 21, the following compounds areobtained.

    ______________________________________                                         ##STR37##                                                                    R.sup.1           Yield, %                                                    ______________________________________                                        CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                               97 (crude)                                                 CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3                                                              100 (crude)                                                 H                 --                                                          CH.sub.3          --                                                          CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                                    --                                                           ##STR38##        --                                                          ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 22 9-oxo-11α,15-dihydroxyprosta-cis-5-ene-16-yneoic acid (XIVa,R¹ ═n--C₃ H₇)

A solution of 800 mg.9-oxo-11α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-15-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)prosta-cis-5ene-16-yneoicacid (XIIIa, R¹ ═n--C₃ H₇) in 20 ml. of a 65:35 mixture of glacialacetic acid/water was stirred under nitrogen at 27° overnight, thenconcentrated in vacuo by rotary evaporation. The resultant crude oil waspurified by chromatography on 45 g. silica gel (Mallinckrodt CC-7100-200 mesh). After elution of less polar impurities the9-oxo-11α,15-dihydroxy-prosta-cis-5-ene-16-yneoic acid, weighing 270mg., was collected. ¹ H-nmr (CDCl₃) ppm (δ): 1.00 (t, 3, CH₃), 1.12-2.64(m, 20), 3.95-4.50 (m, 2), 5.12-5.25 (m, 2, olefinic protons), 5.52-5.88(bs. 3, COOH and hydroxyls). IR (CHCl₃)cm⁻¹ : 1710 (COOH), 1740(ketone).

EXAMPLE 22A

Hydrolysis of the products of Example 21A by the above procedure affordsthe following compounds.

    ______________________________________                                         ##STR39##                                                                    R.sup.1           % yield                                                     ______________________________________                                        CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                              64                                                          CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3                                                              33                                                          H                 --                                                          CH.sub.3          --                                                          CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                                    --                                                           ##STR40##        --                                                          ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 23 9-oxo-11α,15-dihydroxyprosta-cis-5-ene-16-yneoic acidp-biphenylyl ester (XVa, R¹ ═n-C₃ H₇)

To a partial solution of 850 mg. (5 mmole) p-phenylphenol in 20 ml.anhydrous methylene chloride in a dry nitrogen atmosphere was added 170mg. (0.5 mmole) 9-oxo-11α,15-dihydroxyprosta-cis-5-ene-16-yneoic acid(XIVa, R¹ ═n-C₃ H₇) and 155 mg. (0.75 mmole) diicyclohexylcarbodiimidein 5 ml. anhydrous methylene chloride was then added dropwise over onehour. After stirring an additional 30 minutes at room temperature, thesolvent was evaporated and the residue purified by column chromatographyon 50 g. silica gel (Baker "Analyzed" Reagent 60-200 mesh). Afterelution of high R_(f) impurities, 156 mg. of the title compound wascollected, M.P. 83°-103°.

EXAMPLE 23A

Esterification of the products obtained in Example 22A by the aboveprocedure affords the following compounds

    ______________________________________                                         ##STR41##                   (XVa)                                            R.sup.1          Yield, %    M.P. °C.                                  ______________________________________                                        CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                             26          81-88                                            CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3                                                             57          64-84                                            H                --          --                                               CH.sub.3         --          --                                               CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                                   --          --                                                ##STR42##       --          --                                               ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 24 9α,11α,15-Trihydroxy-prosta-cis-5-ene-16-yneoic acid (XVIa,R¹ ═n-C₃ H₇)

A solution of 317 mg. (0.61 mmole)9α-hydroxy-11α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-15-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)prosta-cis-5-ene-16-yneoicacid (XIIa, R¹ ═n-C₃ H₇) in 15 ml. of a 65:35 mixture of glacial aceticacid/water was stirred under nitrogen at 27° overnight, thenconcentrated in vacuo by rotary evaporation. The resultant crude oil waspurified by chromatography on 25 g. silica gel (Mallinckrodt CC-7100-200 mesh). After elution of less polar impurities, fractionscontaining 160 mg. of the title compound were collected.

When the compounds obtained in Example 20A are hydrolyzed by the aboveprocedure, the following compounds are similarly obtained.

    ______________________________________                                         ##STR43##                                                                    R.sup.1           Yield, %                                                    ______________________________________                                        CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                              --                                                          CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3                                                              71                                                          H                 --                                                          CH.sub.3          --                                                          CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                                    --                                                           ##STR44##        --                                                          ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 252-[5α-Hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(3-hydroxy-oct-cis-4-ene-1-yl)cyclopent-1α-yl]aceticacid, γ-lactone (IXb, R¹ ═n-C₃ H₇)

A solution of 1.05 g. (3.0 mmole)2-[5α-hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2yloxy)-2β-(3-hydroxy-oct-4-yne-1-yl)cyclopent-1α-yl]acetic acid, γ-lactone (IXa, R¹ ═n-C₃ H₇) in 15 ml. ofanhydrous benzene containing 3 drops of quinoline was hydrogenated atatmospheric pressure over 45 mg. of Lindlar catalyst. After 3 hrs., therate of hydrogen uptake stopped (67 ml. H₂ had been absorbed). Thereaction mixture was filtered and evaporated to give 1.1 g. crudematerial which was purified by column chromatography on 60 g. silica gel(Baker "Analyzed" Reagent 60-200 mesh). The yield of pure title compoundwas 1.0 g. (95%).

EXAMPLE 25A

When the compounds obtained in Example 17A are hydrogenated over Lindlarcatalyst by the above procedure, the following compounds of formula(IXb) are likewise obtained.

    ______________________________________                                         ##STR45##                   (IXb)                                            R.sup.1           Yield,%                                                     ______________________________________                                        CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                              77                                                          CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3                                                              --                                                          H                 --                                                          CH.sub.3          --                                                          CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                                    --                                                           ##STR46##        --                                                          ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 26

When the compounds of formula (IXb) obtained in Examples 25 and 25A aretreated with 2,3-dihydropyran according to the procedure of Example 18,the following compounds of formula (Xb) are obtained.

    ______________________________________                                         ##STR47##                                                                    (Xb)                                                                          R.sup.1           Yield, %                                                    ______________________________________                                        CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                              100 (crude)                                                 CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                               96 (crude)                                                 H                 --                                                          CH.sub.3          --                                                          ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 26A

When the compounds of formula (Xa) obtained in Example 18A arehydrogenated over Lindlar catalyst by the procedure of Example 25, thefollowing compounds of formula (Xb) are obtained.

    ______________________________________                                        R.sup.1           Yield, %                                                    ______________________________________                                        CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                              --                                                          CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3                                                              87                                                          CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH(CH.sub.3)2                                                         --                                                           ##STR48##        --                                                          ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 272-[5α-Hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(3-{tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy}-oxt-cis-4-ene-1-yl)cyclopent-1α-yl]acetaldehyde,γ-hemiacetal (XIb, R¹ ═n-C₃ H₇)

A solution of 2.94 g. (6.75 mmole)2-[5α-hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(3-{tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy}-oct-cis-4-ene-1-yl)cyclopent-1α-yl]-aceticacid, γ-lactone (Xb, R¹ ═n-C₃ H₇) in 50 ml. anhydrous toluene was cooledto -78° in a dry nitrogen atmosphere. To this cooled solution was added9.25 ml. (7.4 mmole) of 20% diisobutylaluminum hydride in n-hexane (AlfaInorganics) dropwise over a 20 minute period at such a rate that thetemperature remained below -66°. After an additional 45 minutes ofstirring at -78°, the reaction was diluted with ether (250 ml.). Theether solution was washed with 50% (w/w) sodium potassium tartratesolution (2×50 ml.), dried (MgSO₄) and concentrated to yield 3.4 g. ofcrude product which was purified by column chromatography on 110 g. ofsilica gel (Baker "Analyzed" Reagent). The yield of pure title compoundswas 2.48 g.

EXAMPLE 27A

When the compounds of formula (Xb) prepared in Examples 26 and 26A arereduced with diisobutylaluminum hydride according to the aboveprodcedure, the following compounds of formula (XIb) are obtained.

    ______________________________________                                         ##STR49##                   (XIb)                                            R.sup.1           Yield, %                                                    ______________________________________                                        CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                              77                                                          CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3                                                              67                                                          H                 --                                                          CH.sub.3          --                                                          CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                                    --                                                           ##STR50##        --                                                          ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 289α-Hydroxy-11α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-15-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-prosta-cis-5,16-dienoicacid (XIIb, R¹ ═n-C₃ H₇)

To a solution of 6.05 l g. (13.7 mmole)(4-carboxy-n-butyl)triphenyl-phosphonium bromide in 30 ml. of anhydrousdimethylsulfoxide in a dry nitrogen atmosphere was added 14 ml. (26mmole) of 1.85 M solution of sodium methylsulfinylmethide in drydimethylsulfoxide. To this red ylide solution at 40° (oil bath) wasadded dropwise a solution of 1.9 g. (4.4 mmole)2-[5α-hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(3-{tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy}-oct-cis-4-ene-1-yl)-cyclopent-1α-yl]acetaldehyde,γ-hemiacetal (XIb, R¹ ═n-C₃ H₇) in 20 ml. of dry dimethylsulfoxide overa period of 10 minutes. After 45 minutes at 40°, the reaction was pouredonto ice water. The basic aqueous solution (300 ml.) was covered withethyl acetate (300 ml.) and with vigorous stirring was acidified to pH˜3with 1 N aqueous hydrochloric acid. The acidic solution was extractedwith ethyl acetate (2×150 ml.) and the combined organic extracts washedwith saturated brine, dried (Na₂ SO₄) and evaporated to a solid residuewhich was triturated with ether and filtered. The filtrate wasconcentrated and by column chromatography on 250 g. silica gel (Baker 37Analyzed" Reagent 60-200 mesh). After removal of high R_(f) impurities,2.82 g. of purified title compound was collected.

EXAMPLE 28A

When the compounds of formula (XIb) prepared in Example 27A are used asstarting material in the above procedure in place of2-[5α-hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(3-{tetrahydropyran-2yloxy}-oct-cis-4-ene-1-yl)-cyclopent-1αyl]acetaldehyde,γ-hemiacetal, the following compounds of formula (XIIb) are prepared.

    ______________________________________                                         ##STR51##                   (XIIb)                                           R.sup.1           Yield, %                                                    ______________________________________                                        CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                              83                                                          CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3                                                              95                                                          H                 --                                                          CH.sub.3          --                                                          CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                                    --                                                           ##STR52##        --                                                          ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 299-oxo-11α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-15-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-prosta-cis-5,16-dienoicacid (XIIIb, R¹ ═n-C₃ H₇)

To a solution of 1.4 l g. (2.8 mmole)9α-hydroxy-11α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-15-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)prosta-cis-5,16-dienoicacid (XIIb, R¹ ═n-C₃ H₇) in 100 ml. of acetone at -10° in a dry nitrogenatmosphere was added 1.2 ml. (3.0 mmole) of 2.67 M Jones' reagent. After10 minutes at -10°, the reaction was poured onto ethyl acetate (150ml.), washed with water (50 ml.), dried (Na₂ SO₄) and concentrated toyield 1.6 g. crude title compound.

EXAMPLE 29A

When the compounds of formula (XIIb) obtained in Example 28A are treatedwith Jones' reagent in the above procedure, the following compounds offormula (XIIIb) are similarly obtained.

    ______________________________________                                         ##STR53##                   (XIIIb)                                          R.sup.1           Yield, %                                                    ______________________________________                                        CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                              100 (crude)                                                 CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3                                                              100 (crude)                                                 H                 --                                                          CH.sub.3          --                                                          CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                                    --                                                           ##STR54##        --                                                          ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 30 9-oxo-11α,15-dihydroxy-prosta-cis-5,16-dienoic acid (XIVb, R¹═n-C₃ H₇)

A solution of 1.6 g. of9-oxo-11α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-15-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)prosta-cis-5,16-dienoicacid (XIIIb, R¹ ═n-C₃ H₇) in a 65:35 mixture of glacial aceticacid/water was stirred under nitrogen at 27° overnight, thenconcentrated by rotary evaporation. The resultant crude oil was purifiedby chromatography on 100 g. silica gel (Mallinckrodt CC-7 100-200 mesh).After elution of less polar impurities, the fractions containing thetitle compound were collected and evaporated to dryness to obtain 270mg.(25%).

EXAMPLE 30A

When the compounds of formula (XIIIb) obtained in Example 29A arehydrolyzed by the above procedure, the following compounds are obtained.

    ______________________________________                                         ##STR55##                  (XIVb)                                            R.sup.1           Yield, %                                                    ______________________________________                                        CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                              27                                                          CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3                                                              25                                                          H                 --                                                          CH.sub.3          --                                                          CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                                    --                                                           ##STR56##        --                                                          ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 31

When the compounds of formula (XIIb) obtained in Examples 28 and 28A arehydrolyzed by the procedure of Example 30, the following compounds areobtained.

    ______________________________________                                         ##STR57##                  (XVIb)                                            R.sup.1           Yield, %                                                    ______________________________________                                        CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                                      54                                                          CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                              63                                                          CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3                                                              54                                                          H                 --                                                          CH.sub.3          --                                                          CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                                    --                                                           ##STR58##        --                                                          ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 32

By esterification of the compounds prepared in Examples 30 and 30A withp-phenylphenol by the procedure described in Example 16, the followingcompounds are obtained.

    ______________________________________                                         ##STR59##                   XVb                                              R.sup.1            M.P. °C.                                                                          Yield, %                                        ______________________________________                                        CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                                        88-110    13                                              CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                               88-93      65                                              CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3                                                               64-84      56                                              H                  --         --                                              CH.sub.3           --         --                                              CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                                     --         --                                               ##STR60##         --         --                                              ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 332-[5α-Hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(3-hydroxypent-4-ene-1-yl)cyclopent-1α-yl]aceticacid, γ-lactone (IX, R¹ ═H)

To a solution of 1.97 g. (7 mmole)2-[5α-hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(2-formylethyl)cyclopent-1α-yl]aceticacid, γ-lactone (VIII) in 40 ml. of anhydrous tetrahydropyran at -78° ina dry nitrogen atmosphere was added dropwise 6.3 ml. (14 mmole) 1.97 Mvinyl lithium (Alfa Inorganics) in n-pentane. The reaction was stirredat -78° C. for 20 minutes, then poured onto 200 ml. of ether/ethylacetate (50/50 ) containing ice-water. The organic layer was separated,washed with brine, dried (Na₂ SO₄) and evaporated to give 3 g. crudeproduct, which was purified by column chromatography on 150 g. of silicagel (Baker "Analyzed" Reagent 60-200 mesh). After elution of high R_(f)impurities, 840 mg. of pure title compound was collected.

EXAMPLE 34 1-Iodo-trans-1-hexene

To a solution of 8.2 g. (0.10 mole) of 1-hexyne in 20 ml. of heptane,under a nitrogen atmosphere, was added 125 ml. (0.10 mmole) of 0.8 Mdiisobutylaluminum hydride in n-hexane, in four portions whilemaintaining the temperature below 40° with a water bath. When theinitial exothermic reaction had subsided, the reaction mixture waswarmed at 50° for two hours. The heptane and hexane were removed invacuo and the residue was diluted with 40 ml. of tetrahydrofuran. Theresulting solution was cooled to -50° and a solution of 25.4 g. (0.10mole) of iodine in 40 ml. of tetrahydrofuran was added. The reactionmixture was allowed to warm to room temperature. While maintaining thereaction mixture at 20°-30° (ice-bath), 20% sulfuric acid was added todecompose the diisobutylaluminum. When the isobutane evolution haddiminished, the reaction mixture was poured onto a mixture of ice-20%sulfuric acid. The product was extracted with hexane and the combinedextracts washed with sodium thiosulfate solution, then with saturatedsodium bicarbonate solution and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate.Distillation afforded 14.7 g. (70%) of the desired product, b.p. 60°-62°at 6 mm. The structure was verified by ¹ H-NMR.

By use of the appropriate 1-alkyne in place of 1-hexyne and followingthe above procedure, the following 1-iodo-trans-1-alkenes are similarlyobtained.

1-Iodo-trans-1-propylene

1-Iodo-trans-1-decene

1-Iodo-trans-1-tridecene

EXAMPLE 352-[5α-Hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(3-hydroxy-non-trans-4-ene-1-yl)cyclopent-1α-yl]aceticacid, γ-lactone (IXc, R¹ ═n-C₄ H₉)

To a solution of 282 mg. (1 mmole)2-[5α-hydroxy-3α-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)-2β-(2-formylethyl)cyclopent-1α-yl]aceticacid, γ-lactone (VIII) in 5 ml. of anydrous tetrahydropyran at -78° for20 minutes then added dropwise 3.5 ml. (1.9 mmole) 0.55 Mtrans-1-hexenyl lithium* in tetrahydrofuran/pentane. The reaction wasstirred at -78° for 20 minutes then poured onto 100 ml. of ether/ethylacetate (50/50) containing ice-water. The organic layer was separated,washed with brine, dried (Na₂ SO₄) and evaporated to give 300 mg. Crudeproduct, which was purified by column chromatography on 15 g. of silicagel (Baker "Analyzed" Reagent 60-200 mesh). After elution of high R_(f)impurities, 110 mg. of pure title compound was collected. 6*trans-1-hexenyl lithium was prepared as follows: A solution of 10.5 g.(0.05 mole) of 1-iodo-trans-1 -hexane in 50 ml. of dry tetrahydrofuranwas cooled to -78° under nitrogen. To this was added slowly in fourportions 103 ml. (0.10 mole) of 0.97 M t-butyl lithium in pentane(lithium iodide precipitate forms) to give a pale yellow solution whichwas found to be 0.55 M upon titration.

EXAMPLE 35A

When the above procedure is repeated, but with the appropriate1-iodo-trans-alkene selected from those prepared in Example 34 employedin place of the 1-iodo-trans-1-hexene used therein, the followingcompounds of formula (IXc) are similarly obtained.

    ______________________________________                                         ##STR61##                   (IXc)                                                       R.sup.1                                                            ______________________________________                                                   CH.sub.3                                                                      CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.6 CH.sub.3                                            CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.9 CH.sub.3                                 ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 36

When the compounds of formula (IXc) obtained in Examples 33, 35 and 35Aare reacted with 2,3-dihydropyran by the procedure of Example 18, thefollowing compounds of formula (Xc) are obtained.

    ______________________________________                                         ##STR62##                   (Xc)                                             R.sup.1         Yield, %                                                      ______________________________________                                        H               100 (crude)                                                   CH.sub.3        --                                                            CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                             87 (crude)                                                   CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.6 CH.sub.3                                                            --                                                            CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.9 CH.sub.3                                                            --                                                            ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 37

When the compounds obtained in Example 36 are reduced withdiisobutylaluminum hydride by the procedure of Example 19 the followingcompounds of formula (XIc) are produced.

    ______________________________________                                         ##STR63##                   (XIc)                                            R.sup.1         Yield, %                                                      ______________________________________                                        H               54                                                            CH.sub.3        --                                                            CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                            65                                                            CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.6 CH.sub.3                                                            --                                                            CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.9 CH.sub.3                                                            --                                                            ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 38

When the products obtained in Example 37 are reacted with(4-carboxy-n-butyl)triphenylphosphonium bromide and sodiummethylsulfinylmethide by the procedure described in Example 20 thefollowing compounds of formula (XIIc) are prepared.

    ______________________________________                                         ##STR64##                                                                                                 (XIIc)                                           R.sup.1         Yield, %                                                      ______________________________________                                        H               62                                                            CH.sub.3        --                                                            CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                            84                                                            CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.6 CH.sub.3                                                            --                                                            CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.9 CH.sub.3                                                            --                                                            ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 39

When the products of Example 38 are oxidized by Jones' reagent accordingto the procedure of Example 21 the following compounds of formula(XIIIc) are obtained.

    ______________________________________                                         ##STR65##                  (XIIIc)                                           R.sup.1         Yield, %                                                      ______________________________________                                        H               100+ (crude)                                                  CH.sub.3        --                                                            CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                            96 (crude)                                                    CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.6 CH.sub.3                                                            --                                                            CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.9 CH.sub.3                                                            --                                                            ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 40

The compounds prepared in Example 39 are hydrolyzed in acetic acid/wateraccording to the procedure described in Example 22 to obtain thefollowing compounds of formula (XIVc).

    ______________________________________                                         ##STR66##                                                                                                 (XIVc)                                           R.sup.1         Yield, %                                                      ______________________________________                                        H               19                                                            CH.sub.3        --                                                            CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                            54                                                            CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.6 CH.sub.3                                                            --                                                            CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.9 CH.sub.3                                                            --                                                            ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 41

When the compound obtained in Example 38 are hydrolyzed in aceticacid/water according to the procedure described in Example 22, thefollowing compounds of formula (XVIc) are obtained.

    ______________________________________                                         ##STR67##                  (XVIc)                                                       R.sup.1                                                            ______________________________________                                                   H                                                                             CH.sub.3                                                                      CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                            CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.9 CH.sub.3                                 ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 42

When the compounds obtained in Examples 40 and 41 are esterified withp-phenylphenol by the procedure described in Example 23, the followingproducts are obtained.

    ______________________________________                                         ##STR68##                                                                    M           R.sup.1      M.P., °C.                                                                         Yield, %                                  ______________________________________                                        O           H            41-51      54                                        O           CH.sub.3     --         --                                        O           CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                         77-85      61                                        O           CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.6 CH.sub.3                                                         --         --                                        O           CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.9 CH.sub.3                                                         --         --                                         ##STR69##  H            --         --                                         ##STR70##  CH.sub.3     --         --                                         ##STR71##  CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                         --         --                                         ##STR72##  CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.9 CH.sub.3                                                         --         --                                        ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 43 9-Oxo-11α,15α-dihydroxy-ω-homo-prosta-cis-5-ene-16-yneoicacid, p-biphenylyl ester and9-oxo-11α-15β-dihydroxy-ω-homo-prosta-cis-5-ene-16-yneoic acid,p-biphenyl ester

The 15-hydroxy epimers were separated by preparative thin layerchromatography as follows: On a two millimeter thick Brinkman silica gelplate was streaked an ethereal solution containing 60 mg. of 9-oxo-11α,15-dihydroxy-ω-homo-prosta-cis-5-ene-16-yneoic acid, p-biphenylyl ester(mixture of 15-HO epimers). The plate was eluted with ether to separatethe epimers. The separate zones of silica gel were removed from theplate and extracted with ether and the solvent evaporated. The zonecontaining the slower moving epimer afforded 40 mg. of the 15α-epimer,M.P. 90°-92°. The faster moving zone afforded 15 mg. of 15β-epimer, M.P.64°-66° C.

When the above procedure is employed with each of the products preparedin Example 16, 16A, 23, 23A and 42 the separation of the 15α-and15β-epimers is achieved in each case.

EXAMPLE 44 9,15-Dioxo-11α-hydroxyprosta-cis-5-ene-16-yneoic Acid

To a suspension of 1.20 g. of powdered active manganese dioxide [Storkand Tomasy, Jour. Am. Chem. Soc., 86, 471 (1964)] in 15 ml. of drymethylene chloride is added 80 mg. of 9-oxo-11α,15-dihydroxyprosta-cis-5-ene-16-yneoic acid in portions over 15 minutes.The reaction mixture is stirred for 6 hours at room temperature, thenfiltered through a layer of anhydrous magnesium sulfate placed on filterpaper. After washing the filter cake with methylene chloride, thefiltrate and washings were combined and evaporated to dryness. The crudeproduct was then purified by silica gel column chromatography.

When the above procedure is employed with other compounds of formulaeXIV or XVI, prepared in Examples 8, 9, 30, 41, and 44, the following15-keto compounds are similarly obtained.

    ______________________________________                                         ##STR73##                                                                    M           Z              R.sup.1                                            ______________________________________                                        O           CC             C.sub.6 H.sub.5                                     ##STR74##  CC             C.sub.6 H.sub.5                                    O           CHCH           H                                                  O           cis-CHCH       CH.sub.3                                            ##STR75##  cis-CHCH       CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                         O           trans-CHCH     CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.9 CH.sub.3                 ______________________________________                                    

What is claimed is:
 1. A method of selectively inducing bronchodilationin a mammal in need of such therapy which comprises administering tosaid mammal a brochodilating amount of a compound of the formula##STR76## wherein R is hydrogen or biphenylyl;R¹ is a member selectedfrom the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl having from one toeleven carbon atoms; Q is a member selected from the group consisting ofoxygen, ##STR77## and mixtures of ##STR78## and Z is a member selectedfrom the group consisting of ##STR79##
 2. A method of claim 1, wherein Qis said mixture of ##STR80##
 3. A method of claim 2 wherein R¹ is alkylhaving from 1 to 11 carbon atoms.
 4. A method of claim 3, wherein R¹ isn-C₃ H₇.
 5. A method of claim 3, wherein R¹ is n-C₅ H₁₁.